Prospective studies are needed to evaluate the role of this complex support mode.Įxtracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was first used in adults with respiratory failure in the 1970s. Advanced patient age, increased pre-ECMO ventilation duration, diagnosis category and complications while on ECMO were associated with mortality. Survival among this cohort of adults with severe respiratory failure supported with ECMO was 50%. CPR and complications while on ECMO including circuit rupture, central nervous system infarction or hemorrhage, gastrointestinal or pulmonary hemorrhage, and arterial blood pH 7.6 were associated with increased odds of death. The two diagnostic categories acute respiratory failure and asthma compared to ARDS were associated with decreased odds of mortality as was venovenous compared to venoarterial mode. For the most recent years ( n = 600), age and PaCO 2 ≥ 70 compared to PaCO 2 ≤ 44 were also associated with increased odds of death. In a multi-variate logistic regression model, pre-ECMO factors including increasing age, decreased weight, days on mechanical ventilation before ECMO, arterial blood pH ≤ 7.18, and Hispanic and Asian race compared to white race were associated with increased odds of death. Most patients (78%) were supported with venovenous ECMO. Of 1,473 patients, 50% survived to discharge. Data were analyzed separately for the entire time period and the most recent years (2002–2006). Retrospective case review of the ELSO registry from 1986–2006. To evaluate clinical and treatment factors for patients recorded in the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) registry and survival of adult extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) respiratory failure patients.
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